【摘要】 测验是教育评估的基础,决定着评估的质量。如何开发合理、有效的测验是当前我国教育评估工作面临的一大难题。基于原则的评估设计在弥补传统模式弊端的同时,为教育评估和测验开发提供了广阔的前景。基于原则的评估设计方法主要包括证据中心设计、BEAR评估系统、评估工程和认知设计系统四种。它为测验的建构界定、项目设计和分数解释等提供了系统的框架。本文详细阐述了这四种方法下测验的设计、开发和实施的整体思路,对比分析了它们之间存在的差异与联系,以期为我国教育评估工作的开展提供参考和借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Test development is the foundation of educational assessment and whose quality is of central importance. However,how to develop a technical defensible test is still challenging in developing educational assessment in China. As a new trend emerging in the measurement field in recent years, principled assessment design provides a specific and systematic framework for definition of construct, item design, test form construction, and intended score interpretations, which not only compensates for the shortcomings of the traditional test development approaches, but also provides a more comprehensive framework for educational assessment and test development. In particular, four principled approaches to assessment design, i. e., Evidence-Center Design,BEAR Assessment System, Assessment Engineering and Cognitive Design System, were elaborated in this paper. The interrelationship and differences among these approaches were also discussed, so as to provide guide and reference for education assessment in China.更多还原